Effluents from the woodroom, the brownstock area and the evaporation plant have the highest toxic emission factor per COD unit, compared to the effluent from ECF or TCF bleaching [1]. Steps taken to reuse these effluents lead to high levels of non-process elements (NPEs) in the liquor cycle. The levels of NPEs for five Swedish mills were monitored for 7 years, and the data were used to evaluate the effect of increased mill closure, and to identify suitable methods to purge NPEs. Click to continue »
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